visualization_ggplot

그래프 문법 실습

ggplot: grammar of graphics plot

Base Graph

sample_dat <- rnorm(100, 0, 1)
sample2_dat <- rnorm(100, 10, 5)

hist(sample_dat)

plot(sample_dat, sample2_dat)

ggplot2 - Static data

library(gapminder)

## Warning: package 'gapminder' was built under R version 3.5.3

library(tidyverse)

## Warning: package 'tidyverse' was built under R version 3.5.3

## -- Attaching packages ------------------------------------------------ tidyverse 1.2.1 --

## √ ggplot2 3.1.0       √ purrr   0.3.1  
## √ tibble  2.0.1       √ dplyr   0.8.0.1
## √ tidyr   0.8.3       √ stringr 1.4.0  
## √ readr   1.3.1       √ forcats 0.4.0

## Warning: package 'ggplot2' was built under R version 3.5.3

## Warning: package 'tibble' was built under R version 3.5.3

## Warning: package 'tidyr' was built under R version 3.5.3

## Warning: package 'readr' was built under R version 3.5.3

## Warning: package 'purrr' was built under R version 3.5.3

## Warning: package 'dplyr' was built under R version 3.5.3

## Warning: package 'stringr' was built under R version 3.5.3

## Warning: package 'forcats' was built under R version 3.5.3

## -- Conflicts --------------------------------------------------- tidyverse_conflicts() --
## x dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
## x dplyr::lag()    masks stats::lag()

  gapminder %>%
  filter(continent %in% c("Africa", "Asia")) %>%
  ggplot(aes(x=gdpPercap, y=lifeExp, color=continent)) +
    geom_point(alpha=0.5) +
    scale_x_log10(labels = scales::comma) +
    scale_y_continuous(labels = scales::percent) +
    labs(title = "1인당 국민소득과 기대수명",
         subtitle = "UN 5년 간 시계열 데이터",
         x = "1인당 국민소득",
         y = "기대수명",
         color = "대륙",
         caption = "자료출처: http:// www.tidtverse.com") +
  facet_wrap(~continent) +
  theme(legend.position = "bottom")

### Basic component - aes: x-axis, y-axis, color(~category) - geom: type of plot - scale: x-range, y-range cf. sclae_x_(transformation)

Deco

• labs
• geom_point(alpha=): 0 ~ 1 -> 1에 가까울수록 불투명
• theme_(name): ggplot2 function이라는 데 안 돌아감 cf. tufte: simplest
  
• font: {global option} -> {appearance} -> {editor font} -> {consolas-Bolditalic (or) D2coding(다운로드 필요)} :
• facet_wrap: small information으로 분할해서 multiple result
• theme():

interactive graph

library(plotly)

## Warning: package 'plotly' was built under R version 3.5.3

## 
## Attaching package: 'plotly'

## The following object is masked from 'package:ggplot2':
## 
##     last_plot

## The following object is masked from 'package:stats':
## 
##     filter

## The following object is masked from 'package:graphics':
## 
##     layout

gapminder_g <- gapminder %>% 
  filter(continent %in% c("Africa", "Asia")) %>% 
  ggplot(aes(x=gdpPercap, y=lifeExp, color=continent, 
             text=paste0("1인당 GDP:", scales::comma(gdpPercap), "\n",
                         "기대수명: ", lifeExp))) +
    geom_point(alpha=0.5) +
    scale_x_sqrt(labels = scales::comma) +
    labs(title="1인당 국민소득과 기대수명",
         subtitle="UN 5년 시계열 데이터",
         color="대륙",
         x="1인당 국민소득",
         y="기대수명",
         caption="자료출처: http://www.tidyverse.com") +
    theme(legend.position = "none")
gapminder_g

ggplotly(gapminder_g, tooltip="text")

boxplot_g <- gapminder %>% 
  filter(continent %in% c("Africa", "Asia")) %>% 
  ggplot(aes(x=continent, y=lifeExp, color=continent)) +
    geom_boxplot(alpha=0.5)

library(gridExtra)

## Warning: package 'gridExtra' was built under R version 3.5.3

## 
## Attaching package: 'gridExtra'

## The following object is masked from 'package:dplyr':
## 
##     combine

grid.arrange(gapminder_g, boxplot_g, nrow=1)